OVERALL
ALTERNATIVES
SPECS
VS AVERAGE
REVIEWS

TP-Link Deco X55 Review | 77 Data compared

Avg. price in UK:~£150Avg. price in US:~$170Wi-Fi version:Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax)Wi-Fi speed:3000 MbpsLAN port speeds:1 GbpsMesh Wi-Fi:yes

TP-Link Deco X55 Review: Compare 77 technical specifications and user reviews to see how this product ranks in the Routers category and whether it is worth buying.

7.7

Overall score

Score
7.7/ 10
✕
What it is
An overall evaluation of the router's quality, based on technical analyses and user reviews.
When it matters
When you need a quick reference to identify the best routers on the market.
Score distribution
â–¼
<55-66-77-88-99-10
â–² Better than 74% of models
Score components

90%

7.5

Technical Score

10%

9.2

User score

â–²Better than 74% of routers
7.5

Technical Score

Technical score
7.5/ 10
✕
What it is
An assessment of the router's technical performance, covering key areas such as Wi-Fi performance, wired connectivity, security, software features, coverage, and design.
When it matters
When you want to compare routers based on technical performance and available features.
Score distribution
â–¼
<55-66-77-88-99-10
â–² Better than 73% of models
Score components

26%

7.7

Wireless

20%

4.9

Ports

18%

8.5

Networking

14%

9.8

Security

12%

7.4

Hardware

10%

7.9

Management

â–²Better than 73% of routers
9.2

User score

User score
9.2/ 10
✕
What it is
A rating that combines user reviews and the total number of reviews received by the router.
When it matters
When you want to know how a router performs in daily use and how reliable it is for speed, coverage, and stability according to user feedback.
Score distribution
â–¼
<55-66-77-88-99-10
★ Better than 97% of models
Score components

70%

8.8

User reviews

30%

10

Popularity

User score:
United Kingdom
amazon
4.5
(1477)
amazon
4.4
(1108)
amazon
4.3
(7)
United States
Amazon_logo.png
4.4
(17001)

(Reviews last updated: May 2026)

★Better than 97% of routers
  • tp-link-deco-x55
  • tp-link-deco-x55
  • tp-link-deco-x55
  • tp-link-deco-x55
  • tp-link-deco-x55
  • tp-link-deco-x55
  • tp-link-deco-x55
  • tp-link-deco-x55
tp-link-deco-x55
tp-link-deco-x55
tp-link-deco-x55
tp-link-deco-x55
tp-link-deco-x55
tp-link-deco-x55
tp-link-deco-x55
tp-link-deco-x55

Best prices in UK

Best rankings

Available: ranking among products currently available (including other versions of this product).All: ranking among all products in the database.
Loading category ranking...

Verdict

The TP-Link Deco X55 is an AX3000 dual-band Wi-Fi 6 mesh system that delivers combined speeds of up to 3,000 Mbps (2402 Mbps on 5 GHz and 574 Mbps on 2.4 GHz). Each unit features three Gigabit Ethernet ports, supporting up to 150 connected devices and covering up to 6,500 square feet with a 3-pack setup. Key pros include AI-driven mesh for seamless roaming, HE160 channel support for doubled bandwidth, and robust security through TP-Link HomeShield. However, its dual-band nature can lead to reduced speeds during wireless backhaul compared to tri-band systems, and some users have reported stability issues like infrequent reboots or high CPU usage on the main unit.

Technical Specifications of router TP-Link Deco X55

Technical Score
Technical score
7.5/ 10
✕
What it is
An assessment of the router's technical performance, covering key areas such as Wi-Fi performance, wired connectivity, security, software features, coverage, and design.
When it matters
When you want to compare routers based on technical performance and available features.
Score distribution
â–¼
<55-66-77-88-99-10
â–² Better than 73% of models
Score components:

26%

7.7

Wireless

20%

4.9

Ports

18%

8.5

Networking

14%

9.8

Security

12%

7.4

Hardware

10%

7.9

Management

7.5
TP-Link Deco X55 has a technical score of 7.5 points, which is higher than that of 72.6% of products in this category.
User score
User score
9.2/ 10
✕
What it is
A rating that combines user reviews and the total number of reviews received by the router.
When it matters
When you want to know how a router performs in daily use and how reliable it is for speed, coverage, and stability according to user feedback.
Score distribution
â–¼
<55-66-77-88-99-10
★ Better than 97% of models
Score components

70%

8.8

User reviews

30%

10

Popularity

User score:
United Kingdom
amazon
4.5
(1477)
amazon
4.4
(1108)
amazon
4.3
(7)
United States
Amazon_logo.png
4.4
(17001)

(Reviews last updated: May 2026)

9.2
TP-Link Deco X55 has a user score of 9.16 points, which is higher than that of 97.1% of products in this category.
Popularity
Popularity
10.0/ 10
✕
What it is
An indicator based on the number of reviews received by the router.
When it matters
When you prefer to choose a router reviewed and selected by many other buyers.
Score distribution
â–¼
<55-66-77-88-99-10
★ Better than 92% of models
Popularity:
TP-Link Deco X55 has a popularity score of 10 points, which is higher than that of 91.9% of products in this category.
10
TP-Link Deco X55 has a popularity score of 10 points, which is higher than that of 91.9% of products in this category.
Ratio quality/price
Value for money
8.3/ 10
✕
What it is
An indicator that combines the router's overall rating with its cost.
When it matters
When you are looking for a router with a good balance between network performance, features, and price.
Score distribution
â–¼
<55-66-77-88-99-10
â–² Better than 75% of models
Score components:

60%

7.7

Overall score

40%

9.7

Price

8.3
TP-Link Deco X55 has a value-for-money score of 8.3 points, which is higher than that of 75.5% of products in this category.
Brand name
TP-Link
Wi-Fi version
Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax)
Wi-Fi version
Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax)
â–² Better than 65% of models
This router uses Wi-Fi Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax), which is more advanced than 65% of routers and equal to 26.7% of routers.
Wi-Fi bands
2.4 GHz + 5 GHz
Wi-Fi bands
2.4 GHz + 5 GHz
â–² Better than 25% of models
This router supports 2.4 GHz + 5 GHz Wi-Fi bands, which are more versatile than 24.8% of routers and equal to 68.1% of routers.
Wi-Fi speed
3,000 Mbps
Wi-Fi speed
3,000 Mbps
â–² Better than 73% of models
Market range: <0 Mbps – >6k Mbps
This router delivers 3,000 Mbps Wi-Fi speed, which is higher than 72.7% of routers and equal to 4.8% of routers.
Channel widths supported
20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz + 160 MHz
Channel widths supported
20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz + 160 MHz
â–² Better than 73% of models
This router supports 20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz + 160 MHz channel width options, which is more than 72.8% of routers and the same as 24.8% of routers.
Show more
Wi-Fi security protocols
WPA3, WPA2, WPA
Wi-Fi security protocols
WPA3, WPA2, WPA
â–² Better than 87% of models
This router supports WPA3, WPA2, WPA Wi-Fi security protocols, which are more advanced than 87% of routers and equal to 13.1% of routers.
DoS protection
yes
DoS protection
yes
â–² Better than 13% of models
This router includes DoS protection. 12.8% of routers include DoS protection.
SPI intrusion protection
yes
SPI intrusion protection
yes
â–² Better than 6% of models
This router includes SPI-based intrusion protection. 6.1% of routers include SPI-based intrusion protection.
MAC address filtering
yes
MAC address filtering
yes
â–² Better than 2% of models
This router supports MAC address filtering. 2.2% of routers include MAC address filtering.
URL filter
yes
URL filter
yes
â–² Better than 3% of models
This router supports URL filtering. 3.4% of routers include URL filtering.
Show more
IPv6 support
yes
IPv6 support
yes
â–² Better than 12% of models
This router supports IPv6. 11.5% of routers are IPv6-ready.
Dynamic routing
no
Dynamic routing
no
â–¼ Worse than 52% of models
This router does not support dynamic routing. 52.5% of routers support dynamic routing.
Inter-VLAN routing
no
Inter-VLAN routing
no
â–¼ Worse than 24% of models
This router does not support inter-VLAN routing. 23.5% of routers support inter-VLAN routing.
VLAN tagging
yes
VLAN tagging
yes
â–² Better than 38% of models
This router supports VLAN tagging. 38.2% of routers include VLAN tagging.
QoS
yes
QoS
yes
â–² Better than 3% of models
This router includes QoS controls. 3.2% of routers include QoS controls.
Show more
N. of LAN ports
3
N. of LAN ports
3
â–¼ Worse than 77% of models
Market range: <0 – >5
This router has 3 LAN ports, which is fewer than 76.6% of routers and the same as 14.5% of routers.
LAN port speeds
1 Gbps
LAN port speeds
1 Gbps
â–² Better than 27% of models
This router offers 1 Gbps on its LAN ports, which is faster than 27.1% of routers and on par with 59.9% of routers.
N. of WAN ports
1
N. of WAN ports
1
â–¼ Worse than 9% of models
Market range: <0 – >5
This router has 1 WAN ports, which is more than 1% of routers and the same as 90.1% of routers.
N. of USB ports
0
N. of USB ports
0
â–¼ Worse than 61% of models
Market range: <0 – >5
This router has 0 USB ports, which is fewer than 60.8% of routers and the same as 39.2% of routers.
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
no
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
no
Category Benchmark
This router does not support Power over Ethernet (PoE). 0.5% of routers can be powered over Ethernet.
Show more
Management interface
Web UI, App
Management interface
Web UI, App
â–² Better than 33% of models
This router uses Web UI, App for management, which is more advanced than 33.4% of routers and equal to 57% of routers.
Firmware upgrade method
Web UI, Automatic
Firmware upgrade method
Web UI, Automatic
â–² Better than 35% of models
This router supports Web UI, Automatic firmware update methods, which are more convenient than 35.4% of routers and equal to 37.8% of routers.
Traffic monitoring
yes
Traffic monitoring
yes
â–² Better than 18% of models
This router includes traffic monitoring. 18.1% of routers include traffic monitoring.
Guest Wi-Fi network
yes
Guest Wi-Fi network
yes
â–² Better than 9% of models
This router offers a guest Wi‑Fi network. 8.6% of routers offer a guest Wi‑Fi network.
Captive portal
yes
Captive portal
yes
â–² Better than 77% of models
This router offers captive portal features. 76.7% of routers offer captive portal features.
Show more
CPU clock speed
2x 1 GHz
CPU clock speed
2x 1 GHz
â–² Better than 56% of models
This router runs at 2x1 GHz, which is faster than 56.2% of routers and on par with 6.9% of routers.
RAM capacity
512 MB
RAM capacity
512 MB
â–² Better than 64% of models
Market range: <0 MB – >1k MB
This router has 512 MB of RAM, which is more than 64.4% of routers and the same as 22.8% of routers.
Internal storage
?
Hardware acceleration
yes
Hardware acceleration
yes
â–² Better than 31% of models
This router offers hardware acceleration. 31.4% of routers offer hardware acceleration.
N. of external antennas
0
N. of external antennas
0
â–¼ Worse than 60% of models
Market range: <0 – >10
This router has 0 external antennas, which is fewer than 59.6% of routers and the same as 40.4% of routers.
Show more

TP-Link Deco X55 vs the average router

246810TotalWirelessSecurityNetworkingPortsManagementHardware
  • Stronger Wi-Fi security
    Wi-Fi security protocols
    WPA3, WPA2, WPA
    â–² Better than 87% of models
    This router supports the Wi-Fi security protocols WPA3, WPA2, WPA, while the average router supports WPA2, WPA, WEP, WPS.
    WPA3, WPA2, WPA vs WPA2, WPA, WEP, WPS
  • Supports mesh Wi-Fi
    Mesh Wi-Fi
    yes
    â–² Better than 64% of models
    This router supports mesh Wi-Fi, while the average router does not. 36.4% of routers support mesh Wi-Fi.
  • Supports OFDMA
    OFDMA support
    yes
    â–² Better than 65% of models
    This router supports OFDMA, while the average router does not. 35% of routers support OFDMA.
  • Newer Wi-Fi version
    Wi-Fi version
    Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax)
    â–² Better than 65% of models
    This router supports a newer Wi-Fi version than the average router (Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) vs Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac)). The average router uses Wi-Fi Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac).
    Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) vs Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac)
  • 2.03x faster Wi-Fi speed
    Wi-Fi speed
    3,000 Mbps
    â–² Better than 73% of models
    Market range: <0 Mbps – >6k Mbps
    This router has a higher Wi-Fi speed than the average router (3000 Mbps vs 1475 Mbps). The average router reaches Wi-Fi speed of 1475 Mbps.
    3,000 Mbps vs 1,475 Mbps
  • Supports captive portal
    Captive portal
    yes
    â–² Better than 77% of models
    This router supports captive portal, while the average router does not. 23.5% of routers support captive portal.
  • 2x more RAM
    RAM capacity
    512 MB
    â–² Better than 64% of models
    Market range: <0 MB – >1k MB
    This router has more RAM than the average router (512 MB vs 256 MB). The average router has 256 MB of RAM.
    512 MB vs 256 MB
  • Supports MU-MIMO
    MU-MIMO
    yes
    â–² Better than 52% of models
    This router supports MU-MIMO, while the average router does not. 47.7% of routers support MU-MIMO.
  • 14.5% higher user score
    User score
    9.2/ 10
    ✕
    What it is
    A rating that combines user reviews and the total number of reviews received by the router.
    When it matters
    When you want to know how a router performs in daily use and how reliable it is for speed, coverage, and stability according to user feedback.
    Score distribution
    â–¼
    â–¼
    <55-66-77-88-99-10
    TP-Link Deco X55
    the average router
    ★ Better than 97% of models
    TP-Link Deco X55 has a higher user score than the average router (9.16 vs 8.000).
    9.16 vs 8
  • 53% more popular
    TP-Link Deco X55 is more popular than the average router (10 vs 6.5).
    10 vs 6.54
  • Supports mesh Wi-Fi
    Mesh Wi-Fi
    yes
    â–² Better than 64% of models
    This router supports mesh Wi-Fi, while the average router does not. 36.4% of routers support mesh Wi-Fi.
  • Supports OFDMA
    OFDMA support
    yes
    â–² Better than 65% of models
    This router supports OFDMA, while the average router does not. 35% of routers support OFDMA.
  • Newer Wi-Fi version
    Wi-Fi version
    Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax)
    â–² Better than 65% of models
    This router supports a newer Wi-Fi version than the average router (Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) vs Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac)). The average router uses Wi-Fi Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac).
    Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) vs Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac)
  • 2.03x faster Wi-Fi speed
    Wi-Fi speed
    3,000 Mbps
    â–² Better than 73% of models
    Market range: <0 Mbps – >6k Mbps
    This router has a higher Wi-Fi speed than the average router (3000 Mbps vs 1475 Mbps). The average router reaches Wi-Fi speed of 1475 Mbps.
    3,000 Mbps vs 1,475 Mbps
  • Supports MU-MIMO
    MU-MIMO
    yes
    â–² Better than 52% of models
    This router supports MU-MIMO, while the average router does not. 47.7% of routers support MU-MIMO.
  • Wider channel widths
    Channel widths supported
    20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz + 160 MHz
    â–² Better than 73% of models
    This router has a higher supported channel width than the average router (20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz + 160 MHz vs 20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz). The average router supports channel width of 20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz.
    20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz + 160 MHz vs 20 MHz + 40 MHz + 80 MHz
  • Supports TWT
    Target Wake Time (TWT) support
    yes
    â–² Better than 64% of models
    This router supports Target Wake Time (TWT), while the average router does not. 36.4% of routers support Target Wake Time (TWT).
  • 1 more spatial streams
    N. of spatial streams
    4
    â–² Better than 68% of models
    Market range: <0 – >10
    This router has more spatial streams than the average router (4 vs 3). The average router has 3 spatial streams.
    4 vs 3
  • 86 more connected devices
    Maximum connected devices
    150
    â–² Better than 79% of models
    Market range: <0 – >250
    This router supports more connected devices than the average router (150 vs 64). The average router supports 64 connected devices.
    150 vs 64
  • 12.9% wider wireless coverage
    Wireless coverage
    210 m²
    â–² Better than 60% of models
    Market range: <100 m² – >400 m²
    This router has wider wireless coverage than the average router (210 m² vs 186 m²). The average router offers wireless coverage of 186 m².
    210 m² vs 186 m²
  • Stronger Wi-Fi security
    Wi-Fi security protocols
    WPA3, WPA2, WPA
    â–² Better than 87% of models
    This router supports the Wi-Fi security protocols WPA3, WPA2, WPA, while the average router supports WPA2, WPA, WEP, WPS.
    WPA3, WPA2, WPA vs WPA2, WPA, WEP, WPS
  • Supports captive portal
    Captive portal
    yes
    â–² Better than 77% of models
    This router supports captive portal, while the average router does not. 23.5% of routers support captive portal.
  • Supports Matter
    Matter support
    yes
    ★ Better than 96% of models
    This router supports Matter, while the average router does not. 3.9% of routers support Matter.
  • 2x more RAM
    RAM capacity
    512 MB
    â–² Better than 64% of models
    Market range: <0 MB – >1k MB
    This router has more RAM than the average router (512 MB vs 256 MB). The average router has 256 MB of RAM.
    512 MB vs 256 MB
  • 7 newer release date
    Release date
    2022
    â–² Better than 84% of models
    Market range: <2k – >2k
    This router was released more recently than the average router (2022 vs 2015). The average router release year is 2015.
    2022 vs 2015
  • 2 more internal antennas
    N. of internal antennas
    2
    â–² Better than 62% of models
    Market range: <0 – >10
    This router has more internal antennas than the average router (2 vs 0). The average router has 0 internal antennas.
    2 vs 0
  • Higher CPU clock speed
    CPU clock speed
    2 x 1 GHz
    â–² Better than 56% of models
    This router has a higher CPU clock speed than the average router (2x1 GHz vs 2x0.5 GHz). The average router has a CPU clock speed of 2x0.5 GHz.
    2x1 GHz vs 2x0.5 GHz
  • 92 mm narrower width
    Width
    110 mm
    â–² Better than 89% of models
    Market range: <100 mm – >300 mm
    This router is narrower than the average router (110 mm vs 202 mm). The average router is 202 mm wide.
    110 mm vs 202 mm
  • 1 fewer LAN ports
    N. of LAN ports
    3
    â–¼ Worse than 77% of models
    Market range: <0 – >5
    This router has fewer LAN ports than the average router (3 vs 4). The average router has 4 LAN ports.
    3 vs 4
  • Less capable NAS services
    Built-in NAS services
    none
    â–¼ Worse than 58% of models
    This router includes none NAS services, while the average router includes SMB, FTP, time machine, NFS, web access.
    none vs SMB, FTP, time machine, NFS, web access
  • Limited firmware updates
    Firmware upgrade method
    Web UI, Automatic
    â–² Better than 35% of models
    This router supports the firmware update methods Web UI, Automatic, while the average router supports Web UI, App, Automatic.
    Web UI, Automatic vs Web UI, App, Automatic
  • No dynamic routing
    Dynamic routing
    no
    â–¼ Worse than 52% of models
    This router does not support dynamic routing, while the average router does. 52.3% of routers support dynamic routing.
  • 10.4 W higher power consumption
    Power consumption
    18.5 W
    â–¼ Worse than 92% of models
    Market range: <3 W – >18 W
    This router uses more power than the average router (18.5 W vs 8.1 W). The average router uses 8.1 W power.
    18.5 W vs 8.1 W
  • 1 fewer USB ports
    N. of USB ports
    0
    â–¼ Worse than 61% of models
    Market range: <0 – >5
    This router has fewer USB ports than the average router (0 vs 1). The average router has 1 USB ports.
    0 vs 1
  • No DLNA support
    DLNA support
    no
    â–¼ Worse than 54% of models
    This router does not support DLNA, while the average router does. 54% of routers support DLNA.
  • No network services filtering
    Network services filter
    No
    â–¼ Worse than 93% of models
    This router does not support network services filtering, while the average router does. 93.2% of routers support network services filtering.
    No vs yes
  • 66.7% more expensive
    TP-Link Deco X55 is more expensive than the average router (£150 vs £90).
    £150 vs £90
  • No network services filtering
    Network services filter
    No
    â–¼ Worse than 93% of models
    This router does not support network services filtering, while the average router does. 93.2% of routers support network services filtering.
    No vs yes
  • No dynamic routing
    Dynamic routing
    no
    â–¼ Worse than 52% of models
    This router does not support dynamic routing, while the average router does. 52.3% of routers support dynamic routing.
  • 1 fewer LAN ports
    N. of LAN ports
    3
    â–¼ Worse than 77% of models
    Market range: <0 – >5
    This router has fewer LAN ports than the average router (3 vs 4). The average router has 4 LAN ports.
    3 vs 4
  • 1 fewer USB ports
    N. of USB ports
    0
    â–¼ Worse than 61% of models
    Market range: <0 – >5
    This router has fewer USB ports than the average router (0 vs 1). The average router has 1 USB ports.
    0 vs 1
  • Less capable NAS services
    Built-in NAS services
    none
    â–¼ Worse than 58% of models
    This router includes none NAS services, while the average router includes SMB, FTP, time machine, NFS, web access.
    none vs SMB, FTP, time machine, NFS, web access
  • Limited firmware updates
    Firmware upgrade method
    Web UI, Automatic
    â–² Better than 35% of models
    This router supports the firmware update methods Web UI, Automatic, while the average router supports Web UI, App, Automatic.
    Web UI, Automatic vs Web UI, App, Automatic
  • No DLNA support
    DLNA support
    no
    â–¼ Worse than 54% of models
    This router does not support DLNA, while the average router does. 54% of routers support DLNA.
  • 10.4 W higher power consumption
    Power consumption
    18.5 W
    â–¼ Worse than 92% of models
    Market range: <3 W – >18 W
    This router uses more power than the average router (18.5 W vs 8.1 W). The average router uses 8.1 W power.
    18.5 W vs 8.1 W
  • 2 fewer external antennas
    N. of external antennas
    0
    â–¼ Worse than 60% of models
    Market range: <0 – >10
    This router has fewer external antennas than the average router (0 vs 2). The average router has 2 external antennas.
    0 vs 2
  • 65 mm thicker design
    Thickness
    110 mm
    â–¼ Worse than 92% of models
    Market range: <28 mm – >98 mm
    This router is thicker than the average router (110 mm vs 45 mm). The average router is 45 mm thick.
    110 mm vs 45 mm
  • 66.5 mm higher height
    Height
    114 mm
    â–¼ Worse than 77% of models
    Market range: <30 mm – >180 mm
    This router is taller than the average router (114 mm vs 47.5 mm). The average router is 47.5 mm tall.
    114 mm vs 47.5 mm

Graphic comparison of TP-Link Deco X55 and other routers

No results found

Third-party reviews

United Kingdom
amazon
4.5
1477 Reviews
amazon
4.4
1108 Reviews
amazon
4.3
7 Reviews
United States
Amazon_logo.png
4.4
17001 Reviews

(Reviews last updated: May 2026)

What customers like about TP-Link Deco X55?

  • Simple and fast setup process through the Deco mobile app
  • Cost-effective mesh solution compared to high-end competitors
  • Effectively eliminates WiFi dead zones in large multi-story homes
  • Seamless roaming allows devices to stay connected while moving through the house
  • Sleek and minimalist design that easily blends into home decor
  • Compatible with all Deco models for future network expansion

What customers dislike about TP-Link Deco X55?

  • Reports of frequent, random reboots several times a day for some users
  • Lacks advanced network customization and configuration settings for power users
  • Significant drop in speed when using wireless backhaul instead of wired
  • Issues with devices occasionally dropping off the network or slow reconnection
  • Inconsistent performance with certain firmware updates requiring scheduled reboots for stability
  • Limited to dual-band without a dedicated third band for backhaul traffic

Video reviews

Hands-on testing, unboxing, and real-world video evaluations

Compare TP-Link Deco X55 with other routers

1Product to compare no. 1
VS
2Product to compare no. 2
VS
3Product to compare no. 3 (optional)